• Habitat associations for most owls are poorly known, and none of the species are adequately monitored at present. Atlas results suggest that some species have declined, further emphasizing the need for a long-term, standardized survey.

• Launch monitoring program, adapting protocols from surveys carried out in the Midwest.

• Increased awareness among birders and other citizen scientists might yield new insights into the distribution and abundance of Long-eared Owls.

• A species-by-species or habitat-by-habitat management approach is needed.

• Long-eared, Short-eared, Barn owls: have always been rare in Vermont; management may not be productive.

• Great Horned Owls: maintain open lands adjacent to forests

• Eastern Screech-owl: ensure that appropriate nest cavities remain widely available; better understanding of patterns of distribution and abundance needed to further develop management recommendations.